从零开始了解图式治疗（Schema Therapy）

Self-Sacrifice

Excessive focus on voluntarily meeting the needs of others in daily situations at the expense of one’s own gratification. The most common reasons are: to prevent causing pain to others; to avoid guilt from feeling selfish; or to maintain the connection with others perceived as needy. Often results from an acute sensitivity to the pain of others. Sometimes leads to a sense that one’s own needs are not being adequately met and to resentment of those who are taken care of. (Overlaps with concept of codependency.)

自我牺牲图式指的是在日常情境中过度聚焦于自愿满足他人的需要，牺牲自己的满足感。常见的原因是：防止给别人带来痛苦；避免因感到自私而带来内疚；与看着依赖性很强的他人保持连接。经常产生于对他人痛苦的过分敏感。有时会觉得自己的需要没有被充分满足，因而对那些被照顾者产生怨恨（与相互依赖的概念有类似）。

拥有这一图式的人，可能存在3种适应不良的应对反应：

• 屈从：例如为他人付出很多，从不寻求回报
• 回避：例如回避涉及付出或索取的情境
• 过度补偿：例如尽可能少地为他人付出

治疗师的策略（有限再抚育）：治疗师帮助患者设置适当的边界，并明确他们自身的权利和需要。治疗师鼓励患者依靠治疗师，以此证实患者具有依靠他人的需要。治疗师劝阻患者照顾治疗师，用公顷面值指出患者的这种行为模式。

参考
1.^《Schema Therapy: A Practitioner’s Guide》,  Jeffrey E. Young,  Janet S. Klosko,  Marjorie E. Weishaar,  The Guilford Press,  2006